This course is designed to provide comprehensive knowledge of C and C++ programming languages, from basic syntax and concepts to advanced topics such as data structures, algorithms, object-oriented programming (OOP), and memory management.

Module 1: Introduction to Programming in C

Basics of C Language

• Overview of C Programming
• History and Importance of C
• Setting up the Environment
• Structure of a C Program
• Compiling and Running C Programs

Data Types and Variables

• Basic Data Types (int, float, char, etc.)
• Declaring and Initializing Variables
• Constants and Literals
• Input and Output in C (scanf and printf)

Operators and Expressions

• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational and Logical Operators
• Increment/Decrement Operators
• Bitwise Operators

Control Flow Statements

• Conditional Statements: if, else, switch
• Loops: for, while, do-while
• Nested Loops
• Break, Continue, and Goto Statements

Functions in C

• Function Declaration and Definition
• Function Arguments and Return Values
• Passing Arguments by Value and Reference

Arrays and Strings

• Declaring and Initializing Arrays
• Accessing Array Elements
• Multi-dimensional Arrays
• Strings and String Handling Functions

Pointers

• Introduction to Pointers
• Pointer Arithmetic
• Pointers and Arrays
• Pointers and Functions

File Handling in C

• Opening and Closing Files
• Reading from and Writing to Files
• File Pointers
• Error Handling in File Operations

Module 2: Programming with C++

Introduction to C++

• Overview of C++ and Evolution from C
• Key Features of C++
• Structure of a C++ Program
• Input/Output in C++ (cin, cout)

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• Introduction to OOP Concepts
• Classes and Objects
• Data Members and Member Functions
• Access Specifiers (Public, Private, Protected)
• Constructors and Destructors

Inheritance

• Types of Inheritance (Single, Multiple, Multilevel, Hierarchical, Hybrid)
• Base and Derived Classes
• Function Overriding
• Constructors in Derived Classes

Polymorphism

• Compile-Time Polymorphism (Function Overloading, Operator Overloading)
• Runtime Polymorphism (Virtual Functions, Abstract Classes)
• Pointers to Objects
• this Pointer

Encapsulation and Abstraction

• Concept of Encapsulation
• Data Hiding and Access Control
• Abstract Classes and Interfaces